プログラマのつぶやき

CA(認証局)の定義ファイルだけ作成して、おれおれCAを作成する方法もあるようですが、今回はローカルのデフォルトCAを入れ替える方法で作成します。

OS：CentOS5.3

1.オリジナルCAの定義ファイルをバックアップします。
# cd /etc/pki/tls
# cp -a openssl.cnf openssl.cnf.org

2.定義ファイルをおれおれCA用に変更します。
# vi openssl.cnf

---

#
# OpenSSL example configuration file.
# This is mostly being used for generation of certificate requests.
#

# This definition stops the following lines choking if HOME isn't
# defined.
HOME = .
RANDFILE = $ENV::HOME/.rnd

# Uncomment out to enable OpenSSL configuration see config(3)
# openssl_conf = openssl_init

# To use this configuration file with the "-extfile" option of the
# "openssl x509" utility, name here the section containing the
# X.509v3 extensions to use:
# extensions =
# (Alternatively, use a configuration file that has only
# X.509v3 extensions in its main [= default] section.)

[openssl_init]
# Extra OBJECT IDENTIFIER info:
oid_section = new_oids
alg_section = algs

[ new_oids ]

# We can add new OIDs in here for use by any config aware application
# Add a simple OID like this:
# shortname=Long Object Identifier Name, 1.2.3.4
# Or use config file substitution like this:
# testoid2=OID2 LONG NAME, ${testoid1}.5.6, OTHER OID

[ algs ]
# Algorithm configuration options. Currently just fips_mode
fips_mode = no

####################################################################
[ ca ]
default_ca = CA_default # The default ca section

####################################################################
[ CA_default ]

dir = ../../CA # Where everything is kept
certs = $dir/certs # Where the issued certs are kept
crl_dir = $dir/crl # Where the issued crl are kept
database = $dir/index.txt # database index file.
#unique_subject = no # Set to 'no' to allow creation of
# several ctificates with same subject.
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts # default place for new certs.

certificate = $dir/cacert.pem # The CA certificate
serial = $dir/serial # The current serial number
crlnumber = $dir/crlnumber # the current crl number
# must be commented out to leave a V1 CRL
crl = $dir/crl.pem # The current CRL
private_key = $dir/private/cakey.pem# The private key
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand # private random number file

x509_extensions = usr_cert # The extentions to add to the cert

# Comment out the following two lines for the "traditional"
# (and highly broken) format.
name_opt = ca_default # Subject Name options
cert_opt = ca_default # Certificate field options

# Extension copying option: use with caution.
# copy_extensions = copy

# Extensions to add to a CRL. Note: Netscape communicator chokes on V2 CRLs
# so this is commented out by default to leave a V1 CRL.
# crlnumber must also be commented out to leave a V1 CRL.
# crl_extensions = crl_ext

default_days = 365 # how long to certify for
→クライアント証明書の標準の有効期間を「3652」日(10年)に変更します。

default_crl_days= 30 # how long before next CRL
default_md = sha1 # which md to use.
preserve = no # keep passed DN ordering

# A few difference way of specifying how similar the request should look
# For type CA, the listed attributes must be the same, and the optional
# and supplied fields are just that :-)
policy = policy_match

# For the CA policy
[ policy_match ]
countryName = match
stateOrProvinceName = match
organizationName = match
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional

# For the 'anything' policy
# At this point in time, you must list all acceptable 'object'
# types.
[ policy_anything ]
countryName = optional
stateOrProvinceName = optional
localityName = optional
organizationName = optional
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional

####################################################################
[ req ]
default_bits = 1024
→標準の公開鍵長を「2048」bitに変更します。

default_md = sha1
default_keyfile = privkey.pem
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
attributes = req_attributes
x509_extensions = v3_ca # The extentions to add to the self signed cert

# Passwords for private keys if not present they will be prompted for
# input_password = secret
# output_password = secret

# This sets a mask for permitted string types. There are several options.
# default: PrintableString, T61String, BMPString.
# pkix : PrintableString, BMPString.
# utf8only: only UTF8Strings.
# nombstr : PrintableString, T61String (no BMPStrings or UTF8Strings).
# MASK:XXXX a literal mask value.
# WARNING: current versions of Netscape crash on BMPStrings or UTF8Strings
# so use this option with caution!
# we use PrintableString+UTF8String mask so if pure ASCII texts are used
# the resulting certificates are compatible with Netscape
string_mask = MASK:0x2002

# req_extensions = v3_req # The extensions to add to a certificate request

[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default = GB
→標準の国名を「JP」に変更します。

countryName_min = 2
countryName_max = 2

stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default = Berkshire
→標準の都道府県名を「Tokyo」に変更します。(各自お好みで)

localityName = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default = Newbury
→標準の都市名を「Shinagawa-ku」に変更します。(各自お好みで)

0.organizationName = Organization Name (eg, company)
0.organizationName_default = My Company Ltd
→標準の組織名を「Fs DataCenter CA」に変更します。(各自お好みで)

# we can do this but it is not needed normally :-)
#1.organizationName = Second Organization Name (eg, company)
#1.organizationName_default = World Wide Web Pty Ltd

organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
#organizationalUnitName_default =

commonName = Common Name (eg, your name or your server\'s hostname)
commonName_max = 64

emailAddress = Email Address
emailAddress_max = 64

# SET-ex3 = SET extension number 3

[ req_attributes ]
challengePassword = A challenge password
challengePassword_min = 4
challengePassword_max = 20

unstructuredName = An optional company name

[ usr_cert ]

# These extensions are added when 'ca' signs a request.

# This goes against PKIX guidelines but some CAs do it and some software
# requires this to avoid interpreting an end user certificate as a CA.

basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
→サーバ証明を「CA:TRUE」に変更します。

# Here are some examples of the usage of nsCertType. If it is omitted
# the certificate can be used for anything *except* object signing.

# This is OK for an SSL server.
# nsCertType = server

# For an object signing certificate this would be used.
# nsCertType = objsign

# For normal client use this is typical
# nsCertType = client, email

# and for everything including object signing:
# nsCertType = client, email, objsign
nsCertType = server, client, email, objsign
→サーバ証明の種類を追加します。「SSL サーバー認証」「SSL クライアント認証」「SMIME」「 署名」とりあえず全部入れます。

# This is typical in keyUsage for a client certificate.
# keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

# This will be displayed in Netscape's comment listbox.
#nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"
→コメントアウトします。

# PKIX recommendations harmless if included in all certificates.
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer

# This stuff is for subjectAltName and issuerAltname.
# Import the email address.
# subjectAltName=email:copy
# An alternative to produce certificates that aren't
# deprecated according to PKIX.
# subjectAltName=email:move

# Copy subject details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy

#nsCaRevocationUrl = http://www.domain.dom/ca-crl.pem
#nsBaseUrl
#nsRevocationUrl
#nsRenewalUrl
#nsCaPolicyUrl
#nsSslServerName

[ v3_req ]

# Extensions to add to a certificate request

basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

[ v3_ca ]

# Extensions for a typical CA

# PKIX recommendation.

subjectKeyIdentifier=hash

authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always

# This is what PKIX recommends but some broken software chokes on critical
# extensions.
#basicConstraints = critical,CA:true
# So we do this instead.
basicConstraints = CA:true

# Key usage: this is typical for a CA certificate. However since it will
# prevent it being used as an test self-signed certificate it is best
# left out by default.
# keyUsage = cRLSign, keyCertSign

# Some might want this also
nsCertType = sslCA, emailCA
→コメントアウトを外します。

# Include email address in subject alt name: another PKIX recommendation
# subjectAltName=email:copy
# Copy issuer details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy

# DER hex encoding of an extension: beware experts only!
# obj=DER:02:03
# Where 'obj' is a standard or added object
# You can even override a supported extension:
# basicConstraints= critical, DER:30:03:01:01:FF

[ crl_ext ]

# CRL extensions.
# Only issuerAltName and authorityKeyIdentifier make any sense in a CRL.

# issuerAltName=issuer:copy
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always

[ proxy_cert_ext ]
# These extensions should be added when creating a proxy certificate

# This goes against PKIX guidelines but some CAs do it and some software
# requires this to avoid interpreting an end user certificate as a CA.

basicConstraints=CA:FALSE

# Here are some examples of the usage of nsCertType. If it is omitted
# the certificate can be used for anything *except* object signing.

# This is OK for an SSL server.
# nsCertType = server

# For an object signing certificate this would be used.
# nsCertType = objsign

# For normal client use this is typical
# nsCertType = client, email

# and for everything including object signing:
# nsCertType = client, email, objsign

# This is typical in keyUsage for a client certificate.
# keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment

# This will be displayed in Netscape's comment listbox.
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"

# PKIX recommendations harmless if included in all certificates.
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always

# This stuff is for subjectAltName and issuerAltname.
# Import the email address.
# subjectAltName=email:copy
# An alternative to produce certificates that aren't
# deprecated according to PKIX.
# subjectAltName=email:move

# Copy subject details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy

#nsCaRevocationUrl = http://www.domain.dom/ca-crl.pem
#nsBaseUrl
#nsRevocationUrl
#nsRenewalUrl
#nsCaPolicyUrl
#nsSslServerName

# This really needs to be in place for it to be a proxy certificate.
proxyCertInfo=critical,language:id-ppl-anyLanguage,pathlen:3,policy:foo

---

定義ファイルを保存します。

この定義ファイルを基にして新しいCAを構築します。

念のためオリジナルCAをバックアップします。
# cd /etc/pki
# mv CA CA.org
# cd /etc/pki/tls/misc/
# cp -a CA CA.org

設定ファイルを変更します。
# vi CA

---

DAYS="-days 365" # 1 year
→ルート証明書の有効期限を「DAYS="-days 3652" # 10 years」(10年)に変更します。
CADAYS="-days 1095" # 3 years
→CAの有効期限を「CADAYS="-days 3652" # 10 years」(10年)に変更します。

---

新しいCAを作成します。
# ./CA -newca

---

CA certificate filename (or enter to create)
→そのままEnterキー

Making CA certificate ...
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.....................+++
....+++
writing new private key to '../../CA/private/./cakey.pem'
Enter PEM pass phrase:
→秘密鍵のパスワードを入力します。
Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:
→秘密鍵のパスワードを再入力します。
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [JP]:
→そのままEnterキー
State or Province Name (full name) [Tokyo]:
→そのままEnterキー
Locality Name (eg, city) [Shinagawa-ku]:
→そのままEnterキー
Organization Name (eg, company) [Otwo Co Ltd]:
→そのままEnterキー
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
→そのままEnterキー
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:
→CAのホスト名「ca1.free-style.biz」を入力します。(各自お好みで)
Email Address []:
→そのままEnterキー

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
→そのままEnterキー
An optional company name []:
→そのままEnterキー
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for ../../CA/private/./cakey.pem:
→最後に最初に入力した秘密鍵を入力します。
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 0 (0x0)
Validity
Not Before: Jul 9 01:59:38 2010 GMT
Not After : Jul 8 01:59:38 2020 GMT
Subject:
countryName = JP
stateOrProvinceName = Tokyo
organizationName = Fs DataCenter CA
commonName = ca1.free-style.biz
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:TRUE
Netscape Cert Type:
SSL Client, SSL Server, S/MIME, Object Signing
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
AF:3D:E9:BC:17:83:29:D7:C0:4D:3F:E0:32:51:2C:BF:B1:B4:0A:00
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:AF:3D:E9:BC:17:83:29:D7:C0:4D:3F:E0:32:51:2C:BF:B1:B4:0A:00

Certificate is to be certified until Jul 8 01:59:38 2020 GMT (3652 days)

Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

---

オリジナルCAが完成しました。